ScienceDaily (Nov. 28, 2012) ? A study dating the age of more than 1 million single-letter variations in the human DNA code reveals that most of these mutations are of recent origin, evolutionarily speaking. These kinds of mutations change one nucleotide -- an A, C, T or G -- in the DNA sequence. Over 86 percent of the harmful protein-coding mutations of this type arose in humans just during the past 5,000 to 10,000 years.
Some of the remaining mutations of this nature may have no effect on people, and a few might be beneficial, according to the project researchers. While each specific mutation is rare, the findings suggest that the human population acquired an abundance of these single-nucleotide genetic variants in a relatively short time.
"The spectrum of human diversity that exists today is vastly different than what it was only 200 to 400 generations ago," said Dr. Joshua Akey, associate professor of genome sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle. He is one of several leaders of a multi-institutional effort among evolutionary geneticists to date the first appearance of a multitude of single nucleotide variants in the human population.
Their findings appear in the Nov. 28 edition of Nature. The lead author is Dr. Wenqing Fu of the UW Department of Genome Sciences.
The work stems from collaboration among many genome scientists, medical geneticists, molecular biologists and biostatisticians at the UW, the University of Michigan, Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, the Broad Institute at MIT and Harvard, and the Population Genetics Working Group. The study is part of the Exome Sequencing Project of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute at the National Institutes of Health,
To place this discovery in the context of the prehistory and ancient history of people, humans have been around for roughly 100,000 years. In the Middle East, cities formed nearly 8,500 years ago, and writing was used in Mesopotamia at least 5,500 years ago.
The researchers assessed the distribution of mutation ages by re-sequencing 15,336 protein-coding genes in 6,515 people. Of them, 4,298 were of European ancestry, and 2,217 were African.
The researchers based their explanation for the enormous excess of rare genetic variants in the present- day population on the Out-of-Africa model of the human diaspora to other parts of the world.
"On average, each person has about 150 new mutations not found in either of their parents," Akey said. "The number of such genetic changes introduced into a population depends on its size." Larger populations, continuing to multiply by producing children, have more opportunities for new mutations to appear. The number of mutations thereby increases with accelerated population growth, such as the population explosion that began 5,115 years ago.
During the Out of Africa migration of some early humans into Europe and beyond some 50,000 years past, a population bottleneck occurred: The number of humans plummeted, and the shrinking remnant became more genetically similar. Back then, mutations that were only slightly damaging had a greater probability of being carried from one generation to the next, Akey explained.
"Those mutations don't influence the ability to survive and reproduce," he said. "The Out of Africa bottleneck led to inefficient purging of the less-harmful mutations."
His group found that, compared to Africans, people of European descent had an excess of harmful mutations in essential genes -- those required to grow to adulthood and have offspring -- and in genes linked to Mendelian, or single-mutation diseases.
The study team also observed that the older the genetic variant, the less likely it was to be deleterious. In addition, certain genes, they learned, harbored only younger, more damaging, mutations that surfaced less than 5,000 years ago. These include 12 genes linked to such diseases as premature ovarian failure, Alzheimer's, hardening of the heart arteries, and an inherited form of paralysis.
Overall, the researchers predicted that about 81 percent of the single-nucleotide variants in their European samples, and 58 percent in their African samples, arose in the past 5,000 years. Older single- nucleotide variants -- first appearing longer than 50,000 years ago -- were more frequent in African samples.
The scientists also noted that mutations affecting genes involved in metabolic pathways -- chemical reactions in the body to generate and tap energy -- tended not to be weeded out by selective forces. Aberrant metabolism contributes to diabetes, lipid disorders, obesity, and insulin resistance -- all common, modern scourges.
The researchers pointed out that the results illustrate the profound effect recent human evolutionary history has had on the burden of damaging mutations in contemporary populations.
"The historical details of human protein-coding variation provide practical information for prioritizing approaches to disease gene discovery," Akey said.
Although the enlarged mutational capacity resulting from population growth has led to a greater incidence of genetic disorders among the world's 7 billion people, there is brighter side to the story.
Mutations have fostered the great variety of traits seen among modern humans, according to the researchers, who added, "They also may have created a new repository of advantageous genetic variants that adaptive evolution may act upon in future generations."
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Washington. The original article was written by Leila Gray.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
Wenqing Fu, Timothy D. O?Connor, Goo Jun, Hyun Min Kang, Goncalo Abecasis, Suzanne M. Leal, Stacey Gabriel, David Altshuler, Jay Shendure, Deborah A. Nickerson, Michael J. Bamshad, NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, Joshua M. Akey. Analysis of 6,515 exomes reveals the recent origin of most human protein-coding variants. Nature, 2012; DOI: 10.1038/nature11690
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
Kngine (pronounced kin-gin, short for knowledge engine) is one of those startups with a goal that's both straightforward and impressively ambitious ? it wants to build an app that can answer any question. In fact, when you open the app, it prompts you to "ask me anything." When I watched the promotional video (embedded below), the first thing I thought of was Apple's Siri. And while Kngine co-founder and CEO Haymad ElFadeel doesn't shy away from the Siri comparison, he also said Kngine has a slightly different goal. One of Siri's big selling points is allowing you to access a lot of the iPhone's functions through voice, so when your questions are more fact- then task-based (i.e., Kngine's strong point) it relies on Wolfram Alpha.
DEARBORN, Mo (Reuters) - A Missouri couple, Mark and Cindy Hill, were identified by lottery officials on Friday as winners of half the record $587.5 million Powerball jackpot.
Cindy Hill first learned she was a winner on Thursday when she checked her numbers from a ticket she bought at a local Trex Mart gas station and convenience store about 30 miles north of Kansas City, according to a statement by Missouri Lottery on Friday.
The drawing was held late on Wednesday.
"I called my husband and told him, 'I think I am having a heart attack,'" Hill, 51, said, according to the release. "I think we just won the lottery!"
They shared the Powerball payout with someone who bought a ticket at a food store in Fountain Hills, Arizona, on the outskirts of Phoenix. The Arizona winner has not yet come forward.
(Reporting By Kevin Murphy; Editing by Mary Wisniewski and Paul Thomasch)
Holiday gift ideas for food and drink lovers. Now, I know that covers everyone because we all eat and drink but some of us care more about what we eat than others.
We are the connoisseurs, or gluttons if you will, or perhaps the wine or beer aficionado who talks incessantly about the new breweries or local wine. Hey, that's me! Anyway, I've come up with a list of ideas for the foodie (I was trying to avoid that word) in your life.
First, I think everyone should be giving gift certificates to restaurants, breweries and wineries with a note attached saying, "We're going together because part of this gift is that we are spending time together and enjoying great food and drink." So, we really could end all this holiday gift quandary right now.
However, if you want something a little bit different, get someone on your list a cooking class at Stages at One Washington in Dover. Chef Evan Hennessey's concept restaurant in the mills there has two or three themed dinners each month and the chef has thrown something new into the mix ? you can take a cooking class that cooks the dishes for a given dinner. Alice in Wonderland? Indulgence? Sounds like a ton of fun. The kitchen is spectacular, I really want to get my hands on some of that equipment and the food will be delicious. www.stages-dining.com
While we're on classes, take a brewing class. At A&G Homebrew Supply in Portsmouth and The Homebrew Barn in Hampton, you can get someone the gift of learning how to brew beer and wine or even cider, vinegar or make cheese. That's something you can do together, too! www.aghomebrewsupply.com and www.thehomebrewbarn.com.
In October I did something that was a heck of a lot of fun. Over at the Lindt Chocolate Outlet in Kittery they have Create Your Own Chocolate Bar set up where you get a tray with melted chocolate, which is just like a Lindt bar (so much so that it actually is a Lindt chocolate bar), and then you go over to the bar where you can festoon it with all sorts of treats like gummy sharks, hot cinnamon hearts, coconut, nuts ? oh about 30 or so fun "toppings" in all colors. Then, the expert there will put it into a machine to harden it, wrap it up and label it and voila! You have a personalized, creative, and delicious gift for someone. This is one of those things your kids can make and give to Grandma and Grandpa (which was always the difficult part at the holidays for me). It's just $10. Now, while I was there, I discovered all sorts of new things about Lindt, including chocolate bars I'd never seen before (the outlet has a vast selection including many made in other countries). They also introduced me to the technique of putting one of those Lindt truffle balls into my coffee. I had a big "hey why didn't I think of that" moment. They have their fun gold foil-covered bears and colorful foil Santas as well as many other chocolate figures this year too. www.lindtusa.com.
I'm also recommending, as did Oprah, the Corkcicle, which you put in the freezer, then your white wine and your wine stays nice and chilled. www.corkcicle.com.
The SodaStream is on my gift list too (you can carbonate vodka!) because you can make your own soda out of an infinite list of flavor possiblities (bacon!). www.sodastreamusa.com.
I'm thinking about getting a juicer too after seeing "Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead," and there are many to choose from at all price points. I love kale and carrot juice, I really do!
There are many great food-related books on the top of my list this year, including "Pastries," by Alison Pray who owns Standard Baking Co. in Portland (co-writer Tara Smith) Down East Books. The book is wonderfully designed and the recipes are easy and tasty.
Timothy Ferriss just came out with "The 4-Hour Chef: The Simple Path to Cooking Like a Pro, Learning Anything, and Living the Good Life" (Kindle Edition and in hardback from Amazon Books) His whole premise is that you can become a world-class chef in six months or less and he takes us from Manhattan to Okinawa, and from Silicon Valley to Calcutta, unearthing the secrets of the world's fastest learners and greatest chefs.
Ferriss uses cooking to explain "meta-learning," a step-by-step process that can be used to master anything, whether searing steak or shooting 3-pointers in basketball. That is the real "recipe" of "The 4-Hour Chef." You'll train inside the kitchen for everything outside the kitchen. Featuring tips and tricks from chess prodigies, world-renowned chefs, pro athletes, master sommeliers, super models, and everyone in between, this "cookbook for people who don't buy cookbooks" is a guide to mastering cooking and life." I'm pretty intrigued by this. He brings you through meta-learning, then the building blocks of cooking, foraging and more before sending you on your way to lifelong mastery of everything.
Wine lovers will like "The Juice," by Jay McInerney. (Alfred A. Knopf, 2012). It's a collection of his columns from the Wall Street Journal and you learn about wine through entertaining and well-written stories from his life. He's quite an expert. He'll also be at The Music Hall Loft tonight (Nov. 29) if you can get there.
There is always a great new cookbook from Phaidon press to get, and this year it's "The Lebanese Kitchen," the definitive book on Lebanese home cooking, featuring 500 authentic and delicious recipes that are simple to create at home. Salma Hage is a Lebanese housewife from Mazarat Tiffah, with more than 50 years of experience as a family cook and the recipes are simple and elegant at the same time.
If you know any restaurateurs or anyone who works in a restaurant, get them "The Art of the Restaurateur," which reveals the hidden stories behind some of the world's best restaurants, and celebrate the complex but unrecognized art of the restaurateur. It's by Nicholas Lander who owned L'Escargot in London in the 1980s and is now a renowned food columnist for the Financial Times. It covers everything you ever wanted to know about the highs and lows of the restaurant business, presenting the untold stories of the world's best restaurateurs, from luxurious Michelin-starred restaurants, to bustling neighbourhood bistros, to stylish fast-food cafes.
I also like "Jerusalem" (Ten Speed Press, 2012). This is a collection of 120 recipes exploring the flavors of Jerusalem from the New York Times bestselling author of "Plenty," Yotam Ottolenghi along with Sami Tamimi. You'll explore the vibrant cuisine of their home city ? with its diverse Muslim, Jewish, and Christian communities.
Also great is "Burma: Rivers of Flavor" by Naomi Duguid (Artisan, 2012). She tells terrific stories interspersed with 125 recipes and teaches you about the culture through food.
That's all for now! As I find more, I'll post them on my Facebook and Twitter pages so follow Rachel Forrest on both.
Rachel Forrest is a former restaurant owner who lives in Exeter. Her column appears Thursdays in Go&Do. Her restaurant review column, Dining Out, appears Thursdays in Spotlight magazine. Buy "Maine Classics: More Than 150 Delicious Recipes from Downeast," written by Chefs Mark Gaier and Clark Frasier with Rachel Forrest at www.rachelforrest.com. She can be reached by e-mail at rachel.forrest@dowjones.com.
We reserve the right to remove any content at any time from this Community, including without limitation if it violates the Community Rules. We ask that you report content that you in good faith believe violates the above rules by clicking the Flag link next to the offending comment or fill out this form. New comments are only accepted for two weeks from the date of publication.Food and drink lovers: Rachel Forrest's 2012 gift guide | SeacoastOnline.com
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If your gift recipients like Lindt chocolate, they'll love making their own giant bar.Andrew Moore courtesy photo
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Holiday gift ideas for food and drink lovers. Now, I know that covers everyone because we all eat and drink but some of us care more about what we eat than others.
We are the connoisseurs, or gluttons if you will, or perhaps the wine or beer aficionado who talks incessantly about the new breweries or local wine. Hey, that's me! Anyway, I've come up with a list of ideas for the foodie (I was trying to avoid that word) in your life.
First, I think everyone should be giving gift certificates to restaurants, breweries and wineries with a note attached saying, "We're going together because part of this gift is that we are spending time together and enjoying great food and drink." So, we really could end all this holiday gift quandary right now.
However, if you want something a little bit different, get someone on your list a cooking class at Stages at One Washington in Dover. Chef Evan Hennessey's concept restaurant in the mills there has two or three themed dinners each month and the chef has thrown something new into the mix ? you can take a cooking class that cooks the dishes for a given dinner. Alice in Wonderland? Indulgence? Sounds like a ton of fun. The kitchen is spectacular, I really want to get my hands on some of that equipment and the food will be delicious. www.stages-dining.com
While we're on classes, take a brewing class. At A&G Homebrew Supply in Portsmouth and The Homebrew Barn in Hampton, you can get someone the gift of learning how to brew beer and wine or even cider, vinegar or make cheese. That's something you can do together, too! www.aghomebrewsupply.com and www.thehomebrewbarn.com.
In October I did something that was a heck of a lot of fun. Over at the Lindt Chocolate Outlet in Kittery they have Create Your Own Chocolate Bar set up where you get a tray with melted chocolate, which is just like a Lindt bar (so much so that it actually is a Lindt chocolate bar), and then you go over to the bar where you can festoon it with all sorts of treats like gummy sharks, hot cinnamon hearts, coconut, nuts ? oh about 30 or so fun "toppings" in all colors. Then, the expert there will put it into a machine to harden it, wrap it up and label it and voila! You have a personalized, creative, and delicious gift for someone. This is one of those things your kids can make and give to Grandma and Grandpa (which was always the difficult part at the holidays for me). It's just $10. Now, while I was there, I discovered all sorts of new things about Lindt, including chocolate bars I'd never seen before (the outlet has a vast selection including many made in other countries). They also introduced me to the technique of putting one of those Lindt truffle balls into my coffee. I had a big "hey why didn't I think of that" moment. They have their fun gold foil-covered bears and colorful foil Santas as well as many other chocolate figures this year too. www.lindtusa.com.
I'm also recommending, as did Oprah, the Corkcicle, which you put in the freezer, then your white wine and your wine stays nice and chilled. www.corkcicle.com.
The SodaStream is on my gift list too (you can carbonate vodka!) because you can make your own soda out of an infinite list of flavor possiblities (bacon!). www.sodastreamusa.com.
I'm thinking about getting a juicer too after seeing "Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead," and there are many to choose from at all price points. I love kale and carrot juice, I really do!
There are many great food-related books on the top of my list this year, including "Pastries," by Alison Pray who owns Standard Baking Co. in Portland (co-writer Tara Smith) Down East Books. The book is wonderfully designed and the recipes are easy and tasty.
Timothy Ferriss just came out with "The 4-Hour Chef: The Simple Path to Cooking Like a Pro, Learning Anything, and Living the Good Life" (Kindle Edition and in hardback from Amazon Books) His whole premise is that you can become a world-class chef in six months or less and he takes us from Manhattan to Okinawa, and from Silicon Valley to Calcutta, unearthing the secrets of the world's fastest learners and greatest chefs.
Ferriss uses cooking to explain "meta-learning," a step-by-step process that can be used to master anything, whether searing steak or shooting 3-pointers in basketball. That is the real "recipe" of "The 4-Hour Chef." You'll train inside the kitchen for everything outside the kitchen. Featuring tips and tricks from chess prodigies, world-renowned chefs, pro athletes, master sommeliers, super models, and everyone in between, this "cookbook for people who don't buy cookbooks" is a guide to mastering cooking and life." I'm pretty intrigued by this. He brings you through meta-learning, then the building blocks of cooking, foraging and more before sending you on your way to lifelong mastery of everything.
Wine lovers will like "The Juice," by Jay McInerney. (Alfred A. Knopf, 2012). It's a collection of his columns from the Wall Street Journal and you learn about wine through entertaining and well-written stories from his life. He's quite an expert. He'll also be at The Music Hall Loft tonight (Nov. 29) if you can get there.
There is always a great new cookbook from Phaidon press to get, and this year it's "The Lebanese Kitchen," the definitive book on Lebanese home cooking, featuring 500 authentic and delicious recipes that are simple to create at home. Salma Hage is a Lebanese housewife from Mazarat Tiffah, with more than 50 years of experience as a family cook and the recipes are simple and elegant at the same time.
If you know any restaurateurs or anyone who works in a restaurant, get them "The Art of the Restaurateur," which reveals the hidden stories behind some of the world's best restaurants, and celebrate the complex but unrecognized art of the restaurateur. It's by Nicholas Lander who owned L'Escargot in London in the 1980s and is now a renowned food columnist for the Financial Times. It covers everything you ever wanted to know about the highs and lows of the restaurant business, presenting the untold stories of the world's best restaurateurs, from luxurious Michelin-starred restaurants, to bustling neighbourhood bistros, to stylish fast-food cafes.
I also like "Jerusalem" (Ten Speed Press, 2012). This is a collection of 120 recipes exploring the flavors of Jerusalem from the New York Times bestselling author of "Plenty," Yotam Ottolenghi along with Sami Tamimi. You'll explore the vibrant cuisine of their home city ? with its diverse Muslim, Jewish, and Christian communities.
Also great is "Burma: Rivers of Flavor" by Naomi Duguid (Artisan, 2012). She tells terrific stories interspersed with 125 recipes and teaches you about the culture through food.
That's all for now! As I find more, I'll post them on my Facebook and Twitter pages so follow Rachel Forrest on both.
Rachel Forrest is a former restaurant owner who lives in Exeter. Her column appears Thursdays in Go&Do. Her restaurant review column, Dining Out, appears Thursdays in Spotlight magazine. Buy "Maine Classics: More Than 150 Delicious Recipes from Downeast," written by Chefs Mark Gaier and Clark Frasier with Rachel Forrest at www.rachelforrest.com. She can be reached by e-mail at rachel.forrest@dowjones.com.
We reserve the right to remove any content at any time from this Community, including without limitation if it violates the Community Rules. We ask that you report content that you in good faith believe violates the above rules by clicking the Flag link next to the offending comment or fill out this form. New comments are only accepted for two weeks from the date of publication.
SANFORD?Organizers of the annual Small Business Expo are planning for the 2013 event scheduled the second Wednesday in May at? the Dennis A. Wicker Civic Center.? Committees will begin meeting Wednesday at 8 am to begin planning for the? Small Business Banquet and Expo.
More local news can be?heard Monday through Friday on WWGP 1050 and Classic Hits & Oldies.
Apple announced an upcoming?update to its popular iMac desktop computer line in October, but on Tuesday the Cupertino-based company finally confirmed that the 21.5-inch version of the?new, ultra-thin desktop will be available on Nov. 30.?
"Isn't it amazing how something new makes the previous generation instantly look old?" asked?Apple's senior vice president of worldwide marketing, Phil Schiller, when he first?unveiled what a press release calls "the most advanced desktop Apple has ever made."?The new iMac looks quite similar to the previous generation from the front, but from the side, it is incredibly clear that the desktop has undergone a significant redesign: It has an edge that's a mere 5 millimeters thin.?There is, of course, a bit of a bulge in the middle of the computer's back, for the sake of some internal components, but it still has about 40 percent less internal volume than its older siblings and weighs about eight pounds less, as NBC News' contributor Joel Johnson pointed out when we first heard about the new iMac.
The new iMac is offered in 21.5-inch and 27-inch versions, which start at $1,300 and $1,800, respectively. The new desktops have displays with 75 percent less reflection than the prior generation and a Fusion Drive option (which combines a standard hard drive and a flash-based one to offer up to 60 percent faster performance).
While the 21.5-inch version of the new iMac will begin arriving in customers' homes on Nov. 30, its?27-inch counterpart won't begin shipping until December, according to a press release issued by Apple.
Want more tech news?or interesting?links? You'll get plenty of both if you keep up with Rosa Golijan, the writer of this post, by following her on?Twitter, subscribing to her?Facebook?posts,?or circling her?on?Google+.
A Kiwi librarian may have discovered the origin of a nonexistent island that's been outfoxing cartographers for more than a century.
Sandy Island, still visible as a Manhattan-size void in the Coral Sea on Google Earth, was officially "undiscovered" last week after a group of Australian scientists gingerly navigated their research vessel directly through the spot where it should have been.
The researchers, who were on an expedition to study plate tectonics, decided to make a detour to Sandy Island after noticing that their ship's navigation charts made no mention of it, even though it showed up on both Google Earth and the world coastline database.?
"We all had a good giggle at Google as we sailed through the island," Steven Micklethwaite, a scientist at the University of Western Australia who was on the voyage, told the Sydney Morning Herald. "Then we started compiling information about the seafloor, which we will send to the relevant authorities so that we can change the world map."
Shaun Higgins, an intrepid librarian at the Auckland Museum in New Zealand, caught wind of the story and started digging through the museum's map collection to try to find out when and where the island first entered the Western imagination, as detailed on the museum's blog.
The earliest mention of the island Higgins found was on a chart created by the Hydrographic Office of the British Admiralty in 1875 and last updated in 1908.
The chart, which can be seen on the museum's Flickr page, shows the same lens-shaped island west of New Caledonia that's depicted on Google Earth. The landmass was already called Sandy Island and was designated as the 1876 discovery of a ship named Velocity. [10 Strangest Sites on Google Earth]
But R.C. Carrington, the chart's author, warned seafarers that the document might not be completely accurate. A disclaimer on the sea chart reads: "Caution is necessary while navigating among the low lying islands of the Pacific Ocean. The general details have been collated from the voyages of various navigators extending over a long series of years. The relative position of many dangers may therefore not be exactly given."
It seems that future generations of cartographers may not have taken Carrington's words to heart, as the island has managed to carry on a fugitive existence in respected world maps and atlases for 136 years after its supposed discovery.
Some have speculated that Sandy Island may have been intentionally invented by a cartographer as a copyright trap; drawers of urban maps are known to add so-called "paper streets," which don't exist in reality, so that plagiarists will reveal themselves by the inclusion of a signature error.
But Mike Prince, the director of charting services for the Australian Hydrographic Service, told the Sydney Morning Herald that the authors of nautical charts didn't generally booby-trap their work, as such a practice could have had damning implications on sea maps' reliability.
The Australian scientists who sailed through Sandy Island seem poised to be remembered as its true undiscoverers. But just as North America was discovered by both Vikings and Native Americans before Christopher Columbus ever arrived, Sandy Island's existence was actually ruled out by a group of New Caledonian ham radio operators in 2000.
The hobbyists had been interested in the remoteness of the Chesterfield Islands, an archipelago a few hundred miles off of the New Caledonian mainland that was a candidate for a so-called DX-pedition, in which hams set up a communication point in an exotic and isolated locale. If Sandy Island had existed, the Chesterfield Islands would not have been sufficiently remote from another landmass to qualify as a viable DX-pedition destination.
But the radio explorers deduced from satellite data on ocean depths that Sandy Island was indeed an island of the mind, and in doing so, ushered in a brave new era of undiscovery.
Follow Life's Little?Mysteries on Twitter @llmysteries. We're also on?Facebook?&?Google+.
Copyright 2012 LiveScience, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
A $5 garage-sale find turned out to contain a hidden treasure worth thousands. Here's what happened.
Pam Dwyer of Glendale, Ariz., picked up a picture of a horse at a garage sale in Sun City. Dwyer's husband had a hunch they were getting something more. Dwyer told CBS 5, "He says, 'I just have this gut feeling that there's something behind that.'"
There was. An amazingly detailed and deftly drawn original portrait of John F. Kennedy, signed and dated from 1961.
The story gets odder. Dwyer did some research on the artist. Carmelo Soraci, she learned, was an infamous forger who did time for passing false checks, spending 21 years locked up in Dannemora Prison in New York, where he turned to a creative outlet of stained-glass making, which he discovered while "in college" inside.
The former forger redeemed himself by eventually building and installing stained-glass windows in the chapel at the prison, and was asked to do the same at Sing Sing Prison. He also apparently drew.
Dwyer took the portrait to an appraiser, who valued the piece at $2,500 to $5,000. "I'm happy with how much she was impressed by it," Dwyer said.
Dwyer added she would probably sell it?we're guessing not at a garage sale.
Even in the cold darkness of winter, a hot muggy mosquito infested day sounds miserable. Thankfully, there?s now an air conditioner that doubles as a mosquito repellent. The repellent comes in the form of ultrasonic waves, which make a sound that drives away the pesky insects.
The high-tech gizmo from LG Electronics sounds like a must-get for the wealthy Florida retiree on your holiday shopping list, but it?s intended as a potential game-changer for parts of Africa where malaria, a mosquito-transmitted disease, is a major public health threat.
In tests, the unit deterred 64 percent of malaria-transmitting mosquitoes within 24 hours and 82 percent overall.
The company even took Africa?s notoriously unreliable power supplies into consideration as it designed the Anti-Mosquito air conditioner. It is outfitted with technology meant to withstand the electric current fluctuations associated with repeated blackouts and extreme operating conditions.
Yes, air conditioners are a relative luxury, but with research on anti-malaria vaccines stumbling and low-cost mosquito nets becoming less effective, an air conditioning unit that shoos away a good portion of the deadly mosquitoes today is that much cooler.
??via Gizmodo?
John Roach is a contributing writer for NBC News Digital. To learn more about him, check out his website. For more of our Future of Technology series, watch the featured video below.
With a $425 million Powerball jackpot now up for grabs, people are lining up across the country with dreams of money, money, money. ?[I] really want that Powerball,? Tony Hanson of Georgia said. In 2006, eight meatpacking workers ? called the ?Nebraska 8? ? struck...
You would like being familiar with website marketing. With the much information available online, it is challenging to define what?s legitimate and what?s trash. In this post we offers you excellent guidelines that will just do the job.
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Join forums linked to your services. Be active and courteous and offer helpful answers. Don?t answer something with a link to your website. Rather, it is more advantageous to always write interesting content. Contain a hyperlink to your website as a signature or on your profile. Let people know concerning your website without pushing it.
There are several places on the web that permit you to post promotional materials free of charge, so be sure to snap up free exposure. Classified websites are ideal for advertising your company and product, and achieving a web presence makes people prone to contact you. You may also offer promotions for people who come to your site through these services.
For being successful advertising online you might want the support of the consumers. A great way to acquire support is simply by asking them simply how much they are going to invest in your product. Appeal to what they really want and get them whatever they think is fair.
Use emails advertising online as wisely as you possibly can. If you are using email to promote your small business, you don?t want to go overboard. Actually, if you are sending lots of emails you?re likely to be considered spam, and when your content isn?t grabbing the eye of your audience, they will also classify your emails as spam.
Plr Articles
If you were researching how to do marketing with articles, you might have come across the abbreviation ?PLR? and wonder what it means. This abbreviation means Plr Rights, which means you have privilege of employing content, that was written by someone else, as if you wrote it yourself. Using this right also comes the ability to re-write these content articles, insert your own name since the author, and also to sell this material to others.
Selling E books
Creating eBooks or viral reports is a terrific way to develop a strong base as an affiliate marketer. Greater information you?re willing to offer on any products or services, the greater legitimate you may can be found in the eye area of your potential consumer. As long as you?re happy to invest time here, you will get great outcomes.
To accomplish effective and cheap marketing a digital age, you need to employee affiliate marketing techniques including although not tied to multimedia email, online community advertising placement, SEO, and mobile marketing. Website marketing happens to be just about the most effective marketing and sales techniques and has stopped being the ?wave in the future?.
For more information, visit: Private label rights.
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ANKARA (Reuters) - NATO surface-to-air missiles due to be stationed near Turkey's border with Syria will only be used to protect Turkish territory and not to establish a no-fly zone within Syria, the Turkish military said on Monday.
Turkey riled Syria, Russia and Iran by requesting the NATO surface-to-air Patriot system, designed to intercept aircraft or missiles, last Wednesday after weeks of talks on how to shore up security on its 900-km (560-mile) border as the conflict in Syria deepens.
Syria, which called the move "provocative", and its allies including Russia and Iran oppose any development that they perceive could be a first step towards implementing a no-fly zone.
"The deployment of the air and missile defense system is only to counter an air or missile threat originating in Syria and is a measure entirely aimed at defense," the Turkish military said in a statement.
"That it will be used to form a no-fly zone or for an offensive operation is out of the question," it said.
Syrian rebels, despite seizing swathes of land, are almost defenseless against Syria's air force and have called for an internationally enforced no-fly zone, a measure that helped Libyan rebels overthrow Muammar Gaddafi last year.
On Monday, Syrian jets bombed the rebels' headquarters near the border, opposition activists in the area said.
Most foreign governments are loath to impose a no-fly zone for fear of getting dragged into the 20-month-old conflict.
A joint Turkish-NATO team will start work on Tuesday assessing where to station the missiles, how many would be needed and the number of foreign troops that would be sent to operate them, the statement said.
Within NATO, only the United States, the Netherlands and Germany possess Patriot missiles. The Netherlands has sent Patriots to Turkey twice before during both Gulf wars in 1991 and 2003.
Turkey is reluctant to be drawn into the fighting, but the proximity of Syrian bombing raids to its border is straining its nerves. It has repeatedly scrambled fighter jets along the frontier and responded in kind to stray Syrian shells that have crossed into its territory.
Turkey - a major backer of Syria's opposition - is worried about its neighbor's chemical weapons, the refugee crisis on its border, and what it says is Syrian support for Kurdish militants on its own soil.
(Writing by Jonathon Burch; Editing by Nick Tattersall and Hugh Lawson)
A feeding station popular with manta rays is not far from the Misool Eco Resort and Conservation Center in Raja Ampat, eastern Indonesia.
By Adrienne Mong, NBC News
RAJA AMPAT, Indonesia ?They?ve been described by one scientist as ?pandas of the ocean.?
?They?re such an iconic species, beloved by divers,? said Andrea Marshall, director of the?Marine Megafauna Foundation, who came up with the description during an interview with NBC News. ?They?re just amazing.??
Unlikely as it might seem, the panda and the manta ray have a lot in common.
Just as scientists still haven?t been able to confirm the number of pandas in the wild, they also have no idea how many manta rays exist.
?Globally we don?t know how many manta rays there are,? said Guy Stevens, director of the U.K.-based?Manta Trust,?whose research is largely based around manta populations in the Maldives.
But -- again, like the panda -- scientists think it?s a small population.
?If they?re lucky, (manta rays) have two pups (over several years).?That?s a very low reproductive rate, especially compared to your average fish,? said Dr. Heidi Dewar, a biologist at the?Southwest Fisheries Science Center, part of NOAA.
Anecdotal evidence suggests mantas are under threat, and China may be a major reason for it.
Manta rays are vulnerable on two fronts: as bycatch ? getting caught in industrial fishing nets targeting different types of tuna ? and, increasingly, because of traditional Chinese medicine, or TCM.?
Manta rays are abundant in the waters around Raja Ampat, eastern Indonesia.
Manta rays are harvested for their gill rakers, which allow the fish to filter food from water.? Some Chinese believe theyhave healing properties or are good at cleaning out toxins. One Chinese-language?website claims gill rakers enhance the immune system, promote blood circulation and aid in the treatment of cancer, skin disease and infertility.
?It?s just cartilage,? said Dewar, echoing skepticism expressed by many scientists.
Medicinal fad? Conservationists say manta rays aren?t even considered ?traditional? medicine and argue no reference to the animal can be found in TCM books dating back a century. But with rising incomes that enable Chinese consumers to readily adoptmedicinal fads, the impact on manta rays has accelerated over the past 10 to 15 years.?
?A lot of it is completely unrecorded,? said Stevens, who worked on a project founded by Shark Savers and WildAid to document the scope of gill-raker harvesting.?
Understanding the beauty and diversity of Raja Ampat, aka 'Underwater Eden'
Researchers looked at the location, value and species involved. ?It does seem the majority of all of those gills that are being traded are ending up in China,? Stevens said.
The conclusion, published in a report called?Manta Ray of Hope, found that roughly 3,400 manta rays and 94,000 mobulas?(related to the manta ray family) are caught each year, but the numbers reflect only reported catches. ?Unreported and subsistence fisheries will mean true landings are much higher,? the report said.?
On patrol with a shark ranger in Indonesia's marine treasure trove
Visits to random TCM shops in Beijing and Shanghai turned up no gill rakers. In fact, a veteran pharmacist at Tongrentang, a long-established purveyor of traditional Chinese and herbal medicines, said she had never heard of manta rays being used this way.
But the Manta Ray of Hope report estimates a mature ocean manta could yield up to 15 pounds of dried gills that can bring in as much as $230 a pound in a market in China.?
Australia moves to ban fishing trawler with 900-foot-long net
Marshall said she has noticed an uptick in manta fishing. ?I?ve been (in Mozambique) in the last decade ? and we?ve seen an 87 percent decline in the population because of the fishing.??
Unlike many shippers, Chinese merchants who transport cheap products from the mainland for export to Africa ?want to fill [their unloaded cargo vessels] with resources wherever they go.? In Africa, they fill it up with wood, fish or shark?s fin,? she said.??They?ll go out to the local fisheries along the coastline and scout for these products.??
The scientist has spoken to members of local communities, who say the Chinese offer ?new nets, new lines, new hooks.?(The Chinese traders) say to them, ?If you get the sharks or the mantas or the turtles, you get all the meat. You can keep all the meat. You just sell us the things you don?t normally eat.'??
Protecting a ?threatened? species Mantas were listed last year as ?threatened? under the international Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species.
The?International Union for the Conservation of Nature?has classified the manta ray as ?vulnerable? to extinction.?
Chinese scientists have also weighed in.?
?In the last two years, we have conducted evaluations of the manta ray and submitted a recommendation to the government to list it as a protected species,? said Professor Wang Yanmin from Shandong University?s Marine College.
?There is no regulation for protecting the manta ray so sales of mantas are not illegal,? said Feng Yongfeng, founder of Green Beagle, a group that promotes environmental protection.
Groups like Manta Trust are focusing on getting manta rays listed by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). But scientists have their work cut out for them.?
?It?s very difficult to get listed on CITES.? They ask for a lot of detail that is difficult to pin down,? said Marshall. ??Maybe in the terrestrial world, biologists can provide those kinds of details. ?When you?re talking about the megafauna [or large marine species] world, it?s very difficult.??
Marshall ? who discovered a second type of manta ray in 2008 and is in the process of identifying a third -- acknowledges little is known about them.
AFP - Getty Images file
A huge manta ray weighing more than 2,200 pounds and measuring nearly 9 yards in length was caught off the eastern coast of China this past September.
Manta births a mystery? Vexing questions include the manta?s life span, details of their reproductive ecology and migratory patterns.?
?I could wrap my life up in 20 minutes if I could talk to them,? she joked. ??It has been driving me insane for the last ten years because I haven?t been able to figure out where they give birth.? It?s 2012 and nobody has ever seen a manta give birth in the wild.??
And research is painstaking. For one, concentrations of the animal tend to be around far-flung islands.?Stevens of Manta Trust cited the costs of tracking mantas and the difficulty in locating and knowing how to study them.?
With technological improvements, however, scientists are gaining some ground. Satellite tags are one way to help the research.??What do they do when we can?t observe them? I?d love to follow an animal to find out how they spend their time,? said Stevens. ?The tagging gives you small glimpses of them.??
Two dive instructors at the Misool Eco Resort and Conservation Center in Raja Ampat have uncovered a revenue stream to offset research costs: tourism.
?One manta ray can raise $1 million (U.S. dollars) in tourism income over its lifetime,? said Rebecca Pilkington-Vincett, citing a figure contained in the Manta Ray of Hope?report.
PhotoBlog: Raja Ampat archipelago: The world's last paradise
With the blessing of the resort, Pilkington-Vincett and Calvin Beale launched a research project off the surrounding reefs. ?
Last season, the duo raised $32,000 from donations by recreational divers who accompanied them on dives to gather DNA samples and tag the mantas.?
With the money, they have bought three satellite tags and collected numerous DNA samples.? They are sending off the data to the Scripps Institution of Oceanography for analysis by a graduate student.?
With online databases such as the?Manta Research Project, where some of Pilkington-Vincett and Beale?s data are logged, or the?Manta Matcher, developed by Marshall and operating much ?like the FBI fingerprint online database,? research on the manta ray has become rooted in a global exchange among scientists and amateurs alike.?
Until its secrets are fully revealed, the manta?s mystique seems guaranteed.?
?I think it?s fascinating,? said Dewar of the Southwest Fisheries Science Center, ?that there is such a large and amazing creature that has so many mysteries attached to it.??
Additional research by Le Li, Johanna Armstrong and Yanzhou Liu.
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The following top ten classic board games continue to entertain families year after year. Most people remember playing the games when they were younger and are now playing the games with their own children or grandchildren. If they are not currently in your game closet, you may want to consider adding them and plan on having a classic family game night.
Monopoly is one of the most popular classic board games. Although one of the longest games to finish, families still love it. The game doesn?t always have to be completely played out in order to have fun. Moving around the board, with the famous Monopoly game tokens, provides players the opportunities to invest in real estate and build massive land assets. The game is a thrill for anyone. If having a classic family game night, Monopoly Tarts can be served while playing. (recommended for 2-8 players (best with at least 3),for ages 8 and up, about 180 minutes or more to play)
Life by Milton Bradley brings the various choices of life to the game table. Choosing a career, getting married, buying a house, having children, and events that may happen in real life, is played out on the path on the Life game board. Families enjoy the different predicaments the board presents. What a life! (recommended for 2-6 players, for ages 6 and up, about 60 minutes or less to play)
Sorry has provided families with an exciting race game with strategic fun. Sorry includes drawing cards and deciding which pawn is best to move in order to be the first player to reach back home. Returning another player back to start, and saying, ?Sorry?, makes the game of Sorry a classic. (recommended for 2-4 players, for ages 6 and up, about 30 minutes to play)
Mousetrap is a unique board game where everyone enjoys building an elaborate Mousetrap together, and then loves to watch the chain reaction at the end. The winner of the game is the last mouse who avoids being caught in the Mousetrap. Not knowing whether the contraption will catch a player?s mouse offers a suspenseful and entertaining time. (recommended for 2-4 players, for ages 6 and up, about 30 minutes to play)
Clue challenges all players to try and deduce who killed Mr. Boddy, where? and with what? While moving around the game board mansion, players are able to ask other players questions to figure the mystery out! (recommended for 3-6 players, for ages 8 and up, about 45 minutes to play)
Risk is another long, but popular board game to play. Players enjoy battling others for world domination. Although the roll of the dice determines who wins a battle, strategy in when to Risk, where, and how much, determines the winner just as much. This balance of chance and strategy makes Risk an exciting game for a family game night. (recommended for 2-6 players (best with at least 3 or more), for ages 10 and up, about 120 minutes to play)
The mission for the game, Stratego, is for a player to protect his flag while trying to discover and capture his opponent?s flag. Players begin by secretly placing their ?armies? onto the board. With bombs, a spy, and other army men of different ranks, players strategically move into enemy territory in order to capture the enemy?s flag. Careful moving is a must! (recommended for 2 players, for ages 8 and up, about 30 minutes to play)
Scrabble is one of the most classic word games of all time. Players strive to gain as many points as possible by placing words, formed from their 7 tiles, onto the Scrabble game board. Different points, based on positions of the board and the commonality of letters used, determines a player?s score. (recommended for 2-4 players, for ages 10 and up, about 90 minutes to play)
Connect Four uses a durable, doublesided, stand to drop ?checker-like? pieces into any of the 7 slots. The first player to succeed in getting 4 of his pieces in a row (diagonally, horizontally, or vertically) wins. Quick to play, but a great game for families of all ages to enjoy. (recommended for 2 players, for ages 6 and up, about 10 minutes to play)
If you have young children, Candyland would be a classic game to add to the game closet. However, if not, Battleship, Twister, Yahtzee, Chess, Checkers, Chinese Checkers or Backgammon are classic games to own.
It is really difficult to narrow down the classic games. There are so many and they are all wonderful to play! If you were to walk the game aisle of any large discount store (like Walmart), the above listed games are sure to be seen. They are remembered as favorite games by many, and continually provide entertainment and fun for families.
One of my favorite games, Senet, is over 5000 years old. The oldest game, listed above, is Monopoly which was first published in 1933. It would seem the top ten classic games have thousands of years to go before they even begin to lose their sense of appeal.
An individual wants to know how to win scratch offs that very exciting games easily played on every state lottery. What makes the scratch off lottery system highly addictive? The North American lottery system is an industry bigger than the music, porn, and movie ticket industries combined. Historically, the lotteries funded the American colonies and helped keep the young nation afloat.
Lotteries in the 18th and 19th century fueled the expansions of Yale and Harvard universities and enabled the building of railroads across North America. The state of New Hampshire was the first to use the modern state lottery and other state governments followed suit. The lottery accounts for over five percent of education funding in certain states.
While about half of Americans buy at least one lottery ticket, most of the tickets are bought by around 20 percent of the population. However, critics say that the lottery is a regressive tax. Moreover, the average household that earns less than $12,400 yearly spends about five percent of income on lotteries, which is a source of hope for just spending a few bucks.
The way on how to win scratch offs takes a little observation, luck, and statistics. The first step is to deciding on how much one can afford to spend of scratch off tickets weekly. The money set aside for scratch offs should be money that one can afford to lose. The second step is that, when one wins on a ticket, he or she must put that money in the wallet. The money won should not be used to buy more scratch off tickets.
The third step is not spending one's entire scratch off ticket budget on one game in one store as there are rarely two winning tickets on the same pack. The fourth step is to determine the prize levels before purchasing a game. Checking out a state lottery website is the best way to ensure that the individual is not wasting money on a prize that has already been won.
The fifth step is not to play games that are included in second chance lotteries. Retailers and states use such games as ways to sell them and only a few regular prizes are left. However, in some states like Wisconsin, all scratch offs and lottery tickets are eligible for a second chance prize. The sixth step is not to buy "Mystery Packs" or other ticket packages. This is a technique used by the retailers to move old games that don't have a lot of remaining prizes. The seventh and last step is turning all tickets into a retailer's computer to check the winnings. It can be easy to not notice winnings. Allowing the computer to check the tickets will ensure that one does not accidentally dispose of winnings.
Knowing how to win scratch offs is useful if one is into playing scratch off lottery games. However, most of the population at some point plays these games. Thus, it might be wise to get to know and understand these tips.
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Monopoly is one of the most popular classic board games. Although one of the longest games to finish, families still love it. The game doesn?t always have to be completely played out in order to have fun. Moving around the board, with the famous Monopoly game tokens, provides players the opportunities to invest in real estate and build massive land assets. The game is a thrill for anyone. If having a classic family game night, Monopoly Tarts can be served while playing.
